【作者】 魏冬志；

【导师】 詹福瑞； 周小艳；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 坐落于古黄鹄矶上的黄鹤楼控两江、踏三地,立九省之“中”,以其孤立雄奇的姿态凝视和见证着将近一千八百年的朝代兴衰和历史激荡。历代文人登临咏唱,创作黄鹤楼诗词千余首,楹联近千副,文赋过百篇,仅唐宋期间,就有近120位文人创作过167首黄鹤楼诗歌作品。从时间维度上看,黄鹤楼诗歌从南朝发轫,至唐宋形成高峰,以崔颢《黄鹤楼》为代表的唐诗沾溉后世,明清黄鹤楼诗歌数量空前,亦大有可观。从创作者的情况来看,可谓明星璀璨,胜迹无出其右者,李白、崔颢、王维、孟浩然等盛唐诸公在此登临送别,刘禹锡、白居易、杜牧、卢郢等名家于兹宴饮咏叹,范成大、陆游、岳飞、陈孚等则拍遍鹤楼栏杆。从诗歌体式上讲,歌行、五律、五绝、七律、七绝、词作等文学形式丰富。从题材内容上观,描写黄鹤楼盛景,楚地风光,抒发离愁别恨是黄鹤楼诗歌最常见的主题;怀古凭吊,神道传说亦成为必不可少的谈资;儒家仕进之心则构成了黄鹤楼诗歌画卷上最浓墨重彩的一笔。具体而言,唐至唐五代共有26位诗人创作了45首黄鹤楼诗歌,崔颢、李白等盛唐诗人对黄鹤楼不遗余力的讴歌,对黄鹤楼诗歌价值的发挥具有决定性作用。因此,唐代黄鹤楼诗歌形成了双峰对峙,群山环绕的格局。宋代共有90多位诗人创作了122首黄鹤楼诗歌,诗人数量和诗歌体量都远超唐代,但其大体承续唐代黄鹤楼诗歌并有所拓展。在以黄鹤楼之高雄、鹦鹉洲之优美、汉阳之广阔为主要题咏内容的唐宋黄鹤楼诗歌中,崔颢和李白的黄鹤楼诗歌逐渐经典化,不仅发扬了南北朝以来黄鹤楼诗歌抒写忧愁的传统,还开拓了黄鹤楼诗歌的送别之意。他们题咏的汉阳意象、鹦鹉洲意象、明月意象和笛声意象也为唐宋诗人所接受。崔颢与李白以其黄鹤楼诗歌的典范价值和巨大影响力甚至进入宋代黄鹤楼诗歌人物意象系统屡被题咏,这也成为黄鹤楼诗歌意象的一大特色。唐宋黄鹤楼诗歌创作数量多,艺术水平高,题材内容广,充分显示出唐宋黄鹤楼诗歌的繁荣与活力。究其繁荣的原因,要之有三:第一,黄鹤楼自身所处的中国“天元”之位给其带来巨大的交通通达性。第二,儒家、道家、释家均进入黄鹤楼的话语系统,增加了黄鹤楼的文化“重量”。第三,崔颢和李白两位诗人孤出唐宋,给黄鹤楼诗歌带来永久的话题。无论是从文学史角度或是文学景观角度对黄鹤楼进行观照,唐宋黄鹤楼诗歌均显示出其超时代的无限吸引力和巨大影响力,辐照后世。更多还原

【Abstract】 Located in ancient huanghuji,The Yellow Crane Tower controls two rivers and three places,and stands in nine provinces.It stares and witnesses the rise and fall of the dynasties and historical surge of nearly 1800 years in its isolated and magnificent manner.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,nearly 120 literatus created 167 poems about the Yellow Crane Tower.From the perspective of time,the Yellow Crane Tower poetry started in the Southern Dynasty and reached its peak in Tang and Song Dynasties.Tang poetry represented by Cui Hao’s Yellow Crane Tower effected later generations,and the number of Yellow Crane Tower poetry in Ming and Qing Dynasties was unprecedented and considerable.Judging from the creator’s situation,it can be said that the stars are bright and the achievements are unparalleled.Li Bai,Cui Hao,Wang Wei,Meng Haoran and other poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty boarded here to bid farewell.Liu Yuxi,Bai Juyi,Du Mu,Lu Ying and other famous poets feasted and chanted here.Fan Chengda,Lu You,Yue Fei,Chen Fu and others patted the railings of the Yellow Crane Tower.In terms of poetic style,there are rich literary forms such as song lay,five laws,five-syllable quatrain,seven laws,seven-syllable quatrain and lyrics.From the subject matter,describing the beautiful scenery of the Yellow Crane Tower,the scenery of Chu and expressing sadness and hatred are the most common contents of Yellow Crane Tower poetry;Remembering the past and mourning,immortal legends have also become the conversation’s content after people eating;The Confucian heart of official advancement constitutes the most colorful stroke in the picture scroll of Yellow Crane Tower poetry.Specifically,a total of 26 poets from Tang to Tang and Five Dynasties created 45 poems on the Yellow Crane Tower.Cui Hao,Li Bai and other poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty spared no effort to eulogize the Yellow Crane Tower,which played a decisive role in exerting the value of the Yellow Crane Tower poetry.Therefore,the Yellow Crane Tower poetry in Tang Dynasty formed a pattern of double peaks confronting each other and surrounded by mountains.A total of more than 90 poets in Song Dynasty created 122 Yellow Crane Tower poems,which far exceeded those in Tang Dynasty in terms of number and volume of poems,but they generally inherited and expanded the Yellow Crane Tower poems in Tang Dynasty.Among the poems of the Yellow Crane Tower in Tang and Song Dynasties,which mainly focus on the towering of the Yellow Crane Tower,the magnificence of Yingwuzhou and the vastness of Hanyang,Cui Hao and Li Bai’s poems of the Yellow Crane Tower have gradually become classical,which not only carry forward the tradition of expressing sorrow in the poems of the Yellow Crane Tower since the Northern and Southern Dynasties,but also open up the farewell meaning of the poems of the Yellow Crane Tower.The images of Hanyang,Yingwuzhou,moon and flute were also accepted by poets in Tang and Song Dynasties.Cui Hao and Li Bai,with their exemplary value of Yellow Crane Tower poetry,became the characters of Yellow Crane Tower poetry in Song Dynasty.Images have been repeatedly chanted and become a major feature of Yellow Crane Tower poetry images.The Yellow Crane Tower poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties has a large number of creations,high artistic level and wide subject matter,which fully shows the prosperity and vitality of the Yellow Crane Tower poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties.There are three reasons for its prosperity: 1、Crane tower itself is located in China "Tianyuan" position that have a huge traffic accessibility.2、Confucianism,Taoism and Shi Jia all entered the discourse system of The Crane Tower,which adds a huge cultural "weight" to the Crane Tower.3、The poets Cui Hao and Li Hai brought a permanent topic to the poems of The Crane Tower.No matter from the perspective of literary history or literary landscape,the poems of the Yellow Crane Tower in Tang and Song Dynasties show their infinite attraction and great influence beyond the times,irradiating later generations.更多还原